![]() ![]() ![]() Bacon was a philosopher who did not perform any experiment himself but showed the way and paved the road to knowledge with his vision. This was the idea that Francis Bacon defended in his work The New Organon (1620). By the 16th and 17th centuries, the paradigm started to shift as some natural philosophers were rejecting unproven theories and using precise tools to obtain exact measurements to base their discoveries on observation and experimentation. Some other key figures of this period were Tycho Brahe (1546- 1601), Rene Descartes (1596- 1650), Johannes Kepler (1571- 1630), Galileo Galilei (1564- 1642) and Isaac Newton (1642- 1727).ĭuring centuries, the study of the universe and the understanding of the world was founded on deep thinking, on mulling over different questions trying to unearth the reasons or explanations that gave clues to understanding the phenomena. Although some historians favour the figure of Nicolaus Copernicus (1473- 1543) and the heliocentric theory to mark the beginning of the Scientific Revolution, others situate the origin in Francis Bacon (1561- 1626) and his description of the scientific method. The expression is controversial, as historians are still debating when the revolution started and finished, who were the main actors, and how it developed. ![]() This period in the history of Europe is known as the Scientific Revolution. The advances in knowledge resulted in a powerful wave that, emerging from astronomy and mathematics, swept the habits, the culture, and the social behaviour of an era. It was a revolution of the mind, a desire to know how nature worked, to understand the natural laws. We reproduce below the first chapter of this thesis to which we have made very minor editorial changes: The Scientific revolution.ĭuring the 17th century, Europe experienced a series of changes in thought, knowledge and beliefs that affected society, influenced politics and produced a cultural transformation. ![]() in Museums and Gallery Studies to the School of Art History of the University of St Andrews. A history in context in application for the degree of M.Litt. On, M Pilar Gil submitted her thesis Collecting science in St Andrews. ![]()
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